Highlights•Trained immunity reprograms innate immune responses in humans.•Trained
immunity plays a role in the pathophysiology of immune-mediated diseases.•Targeting
trained immunity is a novel promising therapeutic strategy.Recent studies have shown that
upon certain vaccinations or infections human innate immune cells can undergo extensive
metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming, which results in enhanced immune responses
upon heterologous re-infection, a process termed trained immunity. Trained immunity has …